- Jdk 18 not recognized as a command opennlp update#
- Jdk 18 not recognized as a command opennlp manual#
In 1975, Biraben combined data from some of these and many other sources into the largest tabellaric collection of yearly plague outbreaks published to date. Among the earliest compilations with a broader geographical coverage are the works of Hecker in 1865, Martin in 1879, Creighton in 1891 for the British Isles, Dörbeck in 1906 for Russia or Sticker in 1908 for the whole world. Since the 19 th century - and perhaps even earlier - many scholars have collected data on plague outbreaks in a more or less systematic manner. It reached Hong Kong in 1894 from where it spread globally. The third pandemic is thought to have started towards the end of the 18 th century in Yunnan (China). The pandemic caused millions of casualties before gradually disappearing from Europe and the Mediterranean in the 18 th century. The second pandemic entered Europe in 1347, but it may have started a century earlier in Central Asia and China. The dissemination of historical plague across the globe is being studied and discussed since many decades. We conclude that all NLP tools have their limitations, but they are potentially useful to accelerate the collection of data and the generation of a global plague outbreak database.
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Finally, we compared our newly digitised plague dataset to a re-digitised version of the famous Biraben plague list and update the spatio-temporal extent of the second pandemic plague mentions. Moreover, we demonstrate how word associations can be extracted and displayed with simple text mining techniques in order to gain a quick insight into salient topics. Of all tested algorithms, we found that Stanford CoreNLP had the best overall performance but spaCy showed the highest sensitivity.
Jdk 18 not recognized as a command opennlp manual#
We investigated the performance of five pre-trained NLP libraries (Google NLP, Stanford CoreNLP, spaCy, germaNER and Geoparser.io) for the extraction of location data from a German plague treatise published in 1908 compared to the gold standard of manual annotation. Machine learning algorithms for natural language processing (NLP) can potentially facilitate the establishment of datasets, but their use in plague research has not been explored much yet. Many quantitative analyses rely on structured data, but the extraction of specific information such as the time and place of outbreaks is a tedious process. There is a substantial amount of historical and modern primary and secondary literature about the spatial and temporal extent of epidemics, circumstances of transmission or symptoms and treatments.
Plague has caused three major pandemics with millions of casualties in the past centuries.